Caesium

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Located at Group 1 and Period 6 of the Periodic Table is the element . This is Caesium

First discovered by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff in 1860 and first isolated by Carl Setterberg in 1882.

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff

Robert Wilhelm Bunsen

More than two-thirds of the world's reserves of Caesium – 110,000 tonnes – are found at Bernic Lake, Manitoba, Canada. Stable cesium is not likely to affect the health of children, but large amounts of gamma radiation, from sources such as radioactive cesium, could damage cells and might also cause cancer. Short exposure to extremely large amounts of radiation might cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding, coma, and even death. He named this new element caesium from the Latin word meaning sky blue.

This time they did isolate the element by electrolysis, from molten RbCl (and also by reducing its chloride using potassium metal or by strongly heating its tartrate salt with carbon) and calculated its density as 1.65 g cm-3 (modern value: 1.53 g cm-3). Caesium is the most alkaline element on Earth.It’s name comes from the Latin - "sky blue," comes from the blue emission lines it gives off in spectroscopy. Caesium was discovered by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff,

German chemists, in 1860 through the spectroscopic analysis of Durkheim mineral water. Caesium is also used in atomic clocks. Cesium is a rare, silver-gold , shiny metal with brilliant blue spectral lines; the element's name comes from "caesius," a Latin word meaning "sky blue". While Carl Setterberg working on his doctorate with Kekulé and Bunsen. In 1882, he produced caesium metal by electrolysing caesium cyanide, avoiding the problems with the chloride.

Atomic Number : 55

Name : Caesium

Latin Name : Caesius

Electrons per shell : [2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1]

Discoverer : Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert

Kirchhoff

Isolator : Carl Setterberg

Element's : Atomic Mass : 132.90545 u

: Density : 1.9 g/cm³

                  : Type : Alkali Metal

Chemical Properties :

• Most reactive of all metals
• An alkali metal
• Reacts with Fluorine (F) to form Caesium (I) Fluoride
• Reacts with Chlorine (Cl) to form Caesium (I) Chloride
• Reacts with Bromine (Br) to form Caesium (I) Bromide
• Reacts with Iodine (I) to form Caesium (I) Iodide
• Reacts with water (H2O) to form Caesium Hydroxide (CsOH) and Hydrogen gas. (Very Exothermic)
• 40 Isotopes : 3 of them are :

                            Caesium - 133 : Protons : 55
                                                       Neutrons : 78

Caesium - 133

                                                       Electrons : 55
                            (Half Life : Stable)

                            Caesium - 134 : Protons : 55
                                                       Neutrons : 79
                                                       Electrons : 55
                            (Half Life : 2.0652(4) years)

                            Caesium - 135 : Protons : 55
                                                       Neutrons : 80
                                                       Electrons : 55
                            (Half Life : 2.3 x 10^6 years)


Physical Properties

• Silvery white
• Shiny
• Soft
• Ductile
• Melting Point : 28.5 Degree Celsius (83.3 Fahrenheit)
• Boiling Point : 670.8 Degree Celsius (1240 Fahrenheit)

How Caesium got its name?

Caesium got its name from the Greek of Heavenly Blue. Not for its eyes (it's only and element!) but less romantically for the appearance of its emission spectrum in the spectroscope.

Uses

• Used as a catalyst in the Hydrogenation of a few organic compound
• Used in ion propulsion system
• Used in atomic clock
• Used as a "getter" in electron tubes because of its high oxygen affinity
• Used in photoelectric cell and vacuum tubes
• Used to make special optical glass
• Used for compounds in the drilling fluid
• IR lamps

IR lamp

Health Effect

Stable Caesium is not likely to effect the health of children, but large amount of gamma radiation, from sources such as radioactive Caesium, could damage cell and might also cause cancer. Short exposure to extremely large amount of radiation might cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding, coma, and even death.

Nausea

Fun Fact

More than two-thirds of the world reserves of Caesium - 110,000 tonnes - are found at Bernic Lake, Manitoba, Canada. 

THIS IS THE END OF Caesium

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